For promoting rural enterprises,
CSV has evolved and optimized a number of technologies for rural
industrialization. CSV gives training to establish small scale enterprises
which make use of local resources. Some of them are listed below.
Production Sector:
Production of Composting
Production of Herbal Pest
Repellant
Food Processing
Processing of medicinal Herbs
Processing of NTFP
Honey
Gum
Medicinal Herb
Natural Fibers etc.
Methods of Natural Dying
Making of Pottery wares
Production of Cosmetics and
Toiletries
Production of Handmade Paper and
Board
Conversion of Paper and Board in
to Value added Products
Text Box: Photographs: Compost
Pit; Food Products and Honey Harvesting Fabrication of Agriculture Tools,
Bullock Cart, Agro Waste Stove etc.
Fabrication of Water Filters
CSV
Gum Extraction and Processing
There are various tree species
which yields gum. However the traditional system of tapping it is unscientific,
hazardous to plant and less hygienic. To obtain more yield of gum, large and
extensive injuries are inflicted on the tree bole or even smaller branches.
Because of this practice almost all gum yielding trees in the forest are in
very bad shape and their life span has decreased dramatically.
To overcome this problem
Ecological Science and Technology Division of Centre of Science for Villages
has evolved a simple, scientific, eco-friendly, less labor intensive and
economically viable method of tapping gum yielding trees and processing it for
preservation, product diversification and value addition at village level. The
technology involves making small incision in the bole of the tree with the help
of chisel & hammer and administration of small quantity of ethephone in the
tree trunk.
Ethephone is a chemical having an
active ingredient namely 2-chloroethyle phosphonic acid. Ethephone releases a
plant hormone called ethylene when its pH becomes slightly basic in the tissue
of the plant. When ethylene is released in the living tissue of the tree bole,
it generates a cascade of activities wherein all the plant organelles in the
cells of the treated area are de-compartmentalized leading to the degeneration
of cells and tissues. This process is termed as gummosis & it produces
three to six times more gum exudation than control.
Processing is a series of
activities, carried out sequentially to derive usable commodity after harvest
of the raw gum from the forests or plantations. The final products are durable,
applicable for diverse uses and have higher value.
(Financial assistance for this
work was given to CSV by SSD, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of
Science and Technology Government of India)
CSV
Services Sector
Organic Farming
Generation and Distribution of
Decentralized Electricity
Carpentry
Black smithy
Masonry
Bamboo Craft
Fabrication
CSV
Harvesting Honey
Honey and wax is major non timber
forest product of India. Amongst the four bee species (Apis dorsata, Apis
florae, Apis idica and Apis serena indica) found in India, Rock Bee– Apis
dorsata and Apis florea contributes 80% of annual honey production in India.
Honey from Rock Bee is collected from the forest villages across the country
and sold to the trader at different locations. But unfortunately this honey is
collected by traditional method which is very crude and destructive, causing
Loss to Bee population;
Hampers the cross pollination
service rendered by honey bees to our agricultural crops and forest vegetation,
which ultimately results into ecological imbalance.
The use of fire in this
traditional method is also responsible for burning the standing forest wealth.
The honey collected by this
method is also not of a good quality as due to squeezing of the comb part of
the brood comb, pollen also get mixed up with honey and it adversely affects
the quality and shelf life of honey.
The price for such honey is also
very less.
To make honey collection
technique non violent and eco friendly “Centre of Science for Villages”,
Dattapur, Wardha has evolved a set of appropriate and simple technologies which
are non destructive and non violent. Technologies evolved and optimized by CSV
are elaborated bellow.
Details of Technologies for
collecting Honey From Rock Bee
To solve technological
limitations of traditional methods, CSV evolved a range of technologies which
are elaborated below
Sting Proof Dress:
Rock bees are ferocious in nature
and they attack in swarm if they feel that their colony is likely to be
attacked by an intruder. This natural instinct of rock bees has contributed a
great deal in protecting this species from the aggressive nature of man and
animal alike.
To get protection from these ferocious bees while handling their comb it is essential to protect a honey hunter. To achieve this task a sting proof dress is designed which provides full protection to the honey hunters and his helpers. The sting proof dress is made up of double layered thick cloth having a number of air passages. The dress consists of 5 items
A mask having a plastic wire
gauge on front side to protect the face of a honey hunter,
The mask is attached to the
jerkin which protects the body of the hunter,
A pair of hand gloves to protect
palm of a person,
A pant to protect body parts
below the waist,
Foot gloves to protect feet. The
dress is edged with Velcro linings instead of button strips to make it easier
to put on and off.
Water Spray:
Stinging behavior of rock bee is
initiated by temperature factor prevailing in the bee colony and it results in
to their collective attack on the victim. To overcome this problem, plain water
is spryed over the rock bee colony which mollifies the bees and restricts their
free movement as their wings get wet and colony temperature comes down. A
simple handy water spray is required to spray the bee colony at their nesting
spot.
Portable Rope Ladder:
Rock bees are accustomed to have
their abodes at the inaccessible high spots and hence it becomes difficult
reaching and handling them at such spots. To overcome this difficulty a light
and portable rope ladder has been designed and made by using nylon or cane
rope. Nylon or cane rope is thrusted with a steel wire in it to increase its
strength. Both the rope pieces are twisted having parallel knots to each other
to support the solid bamboo pieces as steps of the ladder.
For fixation of the ladder to the
rock bee spot a small egg shaped lead ball is prepared having a thin hole
through its length. The weight of lead ball comes to 200 to 250 grams only.
While fixing the ladder the lead ball is to be thrown to the rock bee spot with
a thin nylon string poured in the hole of the lead ball. This nylon rope is
attached to the rope ladder. Once the lead ball reaches at ground level from
the tree branch it is pulled and along with this rope ladder also goes up and
by using this ladder a honey hunter can reach close to the bee hive quite
comfortably.
Eco-Pressure Technique: This
technique of making a slit in the midrib area of the honey storing portion of
the comb is used for draining out honey from rock bee honey chamber. It allows
honey gatherer to extract honey repeatedly from the same comb without adverse
effect.
Spirulina Production
1. Introduction
Centre of Science for Villages is
a premier technology generating and technology transferring institute working
in various field including biotechnology. Since last 30 years CSV is involved
in popularizing use of Spirulina amongst people of Vidarbha as well as other
parts of India.
CSV has evolved and optimized
technologies which are essential for production of Spirulina. It includes
production of Spirulina for house hold purpose, Production on small scale and
production on large scale. We have derived methods to process Spirulina for
preservation, product diversification and value addition. In addition to it CSV
has evolved a package of practices so that production of Spirulina is possible
in which the input cost is minimized and the output is quite substantial as
compared to the other methods.
About Spirulina:
Spirulina a blue green alga or a
single cell protein is considered as natures Super Food. It has remarkable
nutritional power. Spirulina is often called nature’s perfect food because of
its abundant nutritional profile. Spirulina tablet or powder contains following
items.
Spirulina The Wonder Food:
Spirulina has highest quality
protein available.. It is higher in protein value than beef, chicken, turkey,
eggs, soybean, rice, tofu or wheat.
It has about 69% protein of which
95% is digestible compared to 20% from meat protein.
Contains all the amino acids that
the body cannot produce.
Contains no fats or starches.
Grown in the controlled environment,
it is free from pollutants and toxins. A vitamin and Mineral Gold-Mine:
25 times higher in beta-carotene
than carrots.
28 times higher in iron than beef
liver, and 56 times higher than spinach or steak.
The highest whole food source of
B-12, which is important for vegetarians
Rich in Glycogen which is rarely
found in plants. Glycogen is stored in the liver for quick energy
Richer in chlorophyll than
alfalfa and wheat grass Good for Environment:
Produced through ecologically
sound aqua culture.
100% natural and non toxic
Creates clean air as it grows by
removing carbon dioxide and replenishing oxygen to the atmosphere
Spirulina has protein, amino
acids, beta-carotene, chlorophyll, B vitamins, calcium, iron, and GLA etc. In
fact Spirulina is such a well rounded natural whole food that NASA has chosen
it as a primary food for space travel. And the United Nations has concluded
that Spirulina could be the solution to global protein shortage. Spirulina, a
microscopic blue green algae, has capacity to produces 10 times more protein
per acre than that of Soya bean and 200 times more than that of beef. It is the
best natural source of protein anywhere.
Spirulina has all nine of the
essential amino acids as well as nine more nonessential ones. One tablespoon
(about 2 grams) of Spirulina powder provides US RDA of vitamin B12… 50 % of
vitamin B2… and 2300% of vitamin A, in the safe form of beta carotene, an
essential antioxidant that helps protect the body’s healthy cells.
Objectives of CSV in this respect
The objective of CSV is to
provide the training to rural entrepreneurs.
Introduce basic concept of
growing Spirulina
Provide details of admissible and
non admissible inputs in Spirulina Production.
Production and quality control of
Spirulina.
Providing standard methodology.
